Ordinarily during rest, air moves in and out through the nose, throat, and lungs at a customary cadence. In an individual with rest apnea, air development is occasionally diminished or halted. There are two kinds of rest apnea, obstructive rest apnea and focal (non-obstructive) rest apnea; a few types of apnea include the two sorts (a “blended” apnea). For the two kinds of rest apnea, there is a decrease in relaxing. In obstructive rest apnea, breathing becomes strange on account of restricting or conclusion of the throat. In focal rest apnea, breathing is strange due to an adjustment of the breathing control and musicality, however the throat stays open 呼吸機
Rest apnea is a genuine condition that can influence rest fulfillment and quality, sharpness and proficiency while alert, and the capacity to securely drive an engine vehicle; it can likewise affect long haul wellbeing. Around 25% of grown-ups are in danger for rest apnea of some degree [1]. Guys are more normally impacted than females, however later menopause it is more equivalent. Other danger factors incorporate center and more seasoned age, being overweight or hefty, and having a little mouth and throat.
The throat is encircled by muscles that control the aviation route for talking, gulping, and relaxing. These muscles swing from the skull and jaw and encompass an adaptable cylinder (the principle aviation route that carries air to the lungs). During rest, muscles are less dynamic, which can make the throat slender (figure 1). In the vast majority, this limiting doesn’t influence relaxing. In others, it can cause wheezing, in some cases with decreased or totally impeded wind current (figure 2). A totally hindered aviation route without wind current is called an obstructive apnea. Incomplete block with reduced wind current is known as a hypopnea. An individual might have both rest apnea and hypopnea.
Deficient breathing because of apnea or hypopnea causes oxygen levels to fall and carbon dioxide levels to rise. Since the aviation route is obstructed, breathing quicker or harder doesn’t assist with further developing oxygen levels until the aviation route is returned. Ordinarily, the impediment requires the individual to momentarily stir to actuate upper aviation route muscles. When the aviation route is opened, the individual then, at that point, takes a few full breaths to get up to speed with relaxing. As the individual stirs, the person might move momentarily, grunt, or boisterously wheeze. Less habitually, an individual might stir totally with a vibe of wheezing, covering, or gagging.
On the off chance that the individual falls back to rest rapidly, the person won’t recall the occasion. Many individuals with rest apnea know nothing about their unusual taking in rest, and all patients misjudge how regularly their rest is interfered. Arousing from rest makes rest be unrefreshing and causes a feeling of weakness and wake time sluggishness.
Anatomic reasons for obstructive rest apnea — A few patients have OSA due to a little upper aviation route. As the bones of the face and skull grow, certain individuals foster a little lower face, a little mouth, and a tongue that appears to be excessively enormous for the mouth. These highlights are to a great not really settled, which discloses why OSA will in general bunch in certain families. Heftiness likewise builds the danger of aviation route conclusion. Tonsil augmentation can be a significant reason, particularly in youngsters. While these elements increment the danger of rest apnea, they are not liable to cause perceptible indications or issues while the individual is conscious.